한국 리얼리티 프로그램의 중국 내 수용에 관한 연구: MBC의 <나는 가수다>와 tvN의 <꽃보다 누나>를 중심으로

Abstract

리얼리티 프로그램은 1970년대에 미국에서 최초로 방영되었다. 이후 리얼리티 프로그램의 열풍은 서구에서 아시아로 전파되었다. 현대 리얼리티 프로그램은 전형적인 인기 프로그램 포맷이다. 중국에서는 2000년에 최초의 리얼리티 프로그램이 등장한 이후, 2007년부터는 외국의 우수한 리얼리티 프로그램을 수입하기 시작하였다. 과거 주 수입 대상국은 대개 서양 국가들이었으나, 2013년부터는 한국이 최대 수입 대상국으로 부상하였다. 그 이유는 한국 리얼리티 프로그램이 제작 수준이나 완성도가 높고, 한국과 중국 간의 문화 차이가 크지 않으며, ‘독특한 사람들의 평범한 이야기’라는 특징을 가지고 있기 때문이다. 따라서 본 논문은 한국 리얼리티 프로그램의 중국에서 수용되는 양상을 연구하고자 하였다. 이 목표를 달성하기 위해 본 논문에서는 중국 호남TV가 수입한 한국 MBC의 가수 서바이벌 리얼리티 프로그램인 <나는 가수다>와, 상해동방TV가 수입한 한국 tvN케이블 방송의 스타 해외여행 리얼리티 프로그램인 <꽃보다 누나>에 대한 산업적 현황분석을 실시하였다. 또한, 이 두 프로그램에 대한 텍스트 분석을 통하여 이 두 프로그램이 중국에서 계속 눈길을 끄는 원인, 그리고 그 원인 뒤에 숨어 있는 중국의 사회적 문제를 논의하였다. 연구 결과, 산업적 현황분석 부분에 있어 <나는 가수다>와 <꽃보다 누나>는 모두 1%를 넘는 평균 시청률을 기록하였다. 이 수치는 중국에서 큰 성공을 거두었음을 의미한다. 텍스트 분석의 부분에서는 <나는 가수다>와 <꽃보다 누나>의 스토리를 정리한 다음, 이 두 프로그램 텍스트의 구성요소를 나누어 설명하였다. <나는 가수다>의 텍스트는 경연자, 매니저, 사회자, 청중평가단, 경연규칙, 서사방식으로 접근하였고, <꽃보다 누나>는 출연자, 제작진, 여행 규칙, 여행지, 서사방식으로 나누어 설명하였다. 텍스트 분석을 통해 중국사회의 불공정한 경쟁, 끊임 없는 자기계발 열풍, 관음증에 걸린 현대 중국사회, 그리고 힐링에 대한 중국인들의 갈망 등이 프로그램의 흥행에 영향을 미쳤을 수 있다는 사실을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구는 두 가지 한계점을 가지고 있다. 첫째, 중국 미디어 기업의 많은 공식 자료들이 공개되지 않아 산업적 현황분석의 차원에서 한계가 있었다. 둘째, 텍스트 분석을 통해 제시한 현대 중국사회 문제에 관해 효과적인 해결 방안을 도출하지 못하였다.| After the first Reality TV Program was broadcasted in America in the 1970s, Reality TV Program has become one of the most popular program genres around the world. In China, the first Reality TV Program was made and broadcasted in 2000. And from 2007, Chinese media groups began to buy the copyright of excellent Reality TV Programs from abroad. Reality TV Program made by Western countries were most preferred at fist, however, South Korea replaced the place of any Western country and began to export the greatest number of Reality TV Programs to China from 2013. To address the reason, firstly, the quality of the Reality TV Program made in South Korea is quite high. Secondly, the cultural difference between South Korea and China is not that big, which means it will be easier for the Chinese to accept the South Korean Reality TV Program. In addition, the content of South Korean Reality TV Program is the ‘normal story of unusual people’, which is the biggest distinct characteristic compared with others. Therefore, the study about how South Korean Reality TV Programs are accepted in China and the Chinese social problems reflected through the acceptance of South Korean Reality TV Programs will be very meaningful. As a result, this study aims to analyze the acceptance of South Korean Reality TV Programs in China. In order to achieve this purpose, <I Am a Singer> and <Sisters over Flowers> were selected as the representative of South Korean Reality TV Programs. And the industrial analysis of the current situation and textual analysis about the two programs were implemented. Through which, the popular reason of the two programs and the Chinese social problems reflected by the acceptance of the two programs were discovered and discussed. It will be helpful not only for the Chinese media groups who want to make Reality TV Programs by themselves, but also for those who do research about Chinese society. Consequently, both the average audience rating of the two programs were over one percent, which means both programs received big success in China. And then, the element of the two programs’ texts were dissected and analyzed. For <I Am a Singer>, the participated singers, the managers, the MC, the audience judges, the survival rule and the narrative were analyzed. While for <Sisters over Flowers>, the actors, the staffs, the travel rule, the travel destinations and the narrative were discussed. Through which, the unfair competition problem, the popular self-improvement problem, the peeping problem and the imperative healing problem about Chinese society were discovered and discussed. This study has two limitations. Firstly, many official data about the two programs are not public. As a result, there is a limitation to analyze the current industrial situation about the two programs. Secondly, though Chinese social problems were discussed at last, due to the problems were related to Chinese social structure and national policies, the corresponding solutions were not put forward.; After the first Reality TV Program was broadcasted in America in the 1970s, Reality TV Program has become one of the most popular program genres around the world. In China, the first Reality TV Program was made and broadcasted in 2000. And from 2007, Chinese media groups began to buy the copyright of excellent Reality TV Programs from abroad. Reality TV Program made by Western countries were most preferred at fist, however, South Korea replaced the place of any Western country and began to export the greatest number of Reality TV Programs to China from 2013. To address the reason, firstly, the quality of the Reality TV Program made in South Korea is quite high. Secondly, the cultural difference between South Korea and China is not that big, which means it will be easier for the Chinese to accept the South Korean Reality TV Program. In addition, the content of South Korean Reality TV Program is the ‘normal story of unusual people’, which is the biggest distinct characteristic compared with others. Therefore, the study about how South Korean Reality TV Programs are accepted in China and the Chinese social problems reflected through the acceptance of South Korean Reality TV Programs will be very meaningful. As a result, this study aims to analyze the acceptance of South Korean Reality TV Programs in China. In order to achieve this purpose, <I Am a Singer> and <Sisters over Flowers> were selected as the representative of South Korean Reality TV Programs. And the industrial analysis of the current situation and textual analysis about the two programs were implemented. Through which, the popular reason of the two programs and the Chinese social problems reflected by the acceptance of the two programs were discovered and discussed. It will be helpful not only for the Chinese media groups who want to make Reality TV Programs by themselves, but also for those who do research about Chinese society. Consequently, both the average audience rating of the two programs were over one percent, which means both programs received big success in China. And then, the element of the two programs’ texts were dissected and analyzed. For <I Am a Singer>, the participated singers, the managers, the MC, the audience judges, the survival rule and the narrative were analyzed. While for <Sisters over Flowers>, the actors, the staffs, the travel rule, the travel destinations and the narrative were discussed. Through which, the unfair competition problem, the popular self-improvement problem, the peeping problem and the imperative healing problem about Chinese society were discovered and discussed. This study has two limitations. Firstly, many official data about the two programs are not public. As a result, there is a limitation to analyze the current industrial situation about the two programs. Secondly, though Chinese social problems were discussed at last, due to the problems were related to Chinese social structure and national policies, the corresponding solutions were not put forward.