집단미술치료가 특성화고등학교 학생의 사회불안 및 진로결정자기효능감에 미치는 효과 연구

Abstract

본 연구는 집단미술치료가 특성화 고등학교 학생의 사회불안과 진로결정자기효능감에 미치는 효과를 알아보는데 목적이 있다. 목표나 특정한 이유 없이 낮은 성적을 기준으로 특성화 고등학교에 입학한 학생의 경우 반복된 실패경험과 결손으로 학습에 대한 흥미와 의욕 자신감이 저하된 상태이며 학교생활에 만족을 하지 못한 만큼 이로 인하여 스스로를 낮게 평가하거나 타인을 경계하고 미래에 대한 막연한 두려움 등 많은 문제가 나타나게 된다. 본 연구는 취업을 준비하는 특성화 고등학교 3학년 학생이 겪게 되는 심리적인 문제에 집단미술치료를 통하여 사회불안과 진로결정자기효능감에 미치는 효과를 연구하고자 하였으며 연구 목적을 위한 구체적인 연구 문제는 다음과 같다.

첫째, 집단미술치료가 특성화 고등학교 학생의 사회불안에 미치는 효과는 어떠한가? 둘째, 집단미술치료가 특성화 고등학교 학생의 진로결정자기효능감에 미치는 효과는 어떠한가?

본 연구의 대상은 경기도 B시에 소재한 특성화 고등학교에서 취업을 준비하는 3학년 학생 6명으로 구성하였으며 연구를 위한 측정도구로는 양적 분석 도구인 청소년용 사회불안 검사와 진로결정자기효능감 검사를 사용하였고, 질적분석 도구로는 동적 집-나무-사람(KHTP) 그림검사를 사용하여 프로그램 실시 전과 후, 프로그램이 종료된 7주 후에 추후검사를 실시하여 비교 분석하였다. 본 연구의 집단미술치료 프로그램은 2016년 7월 1일부터 2016년 8월 30일까지 주 1회 혹은 2회씩, 매 회기 90분~100분 동안 총 14회기 실시하였다. 프로그램 구성의 목적은 자기탐색에 초점을 맞추어 직업정보와 미래계획을 세울 수 있는 과정을 포함하여 구체화된 자기평가와 목표설정을 통하여 미래계획을 세워 사회불안과 진로결정자기효능감에 긍정적인 효과를 주고자 하였다. 이 연구를 통한 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 집단미술치료가 특성화 고등학교 3학년 학생의 사회불안이 긍정적으로 변화되었으나 지속되는 것은 미비하였다. 둘째, 집단미술치료가 특성화 고등학교 3학년 학생의 진로결정자기효능감이 긍정적으로 변화되었고, 효과 또한 지속되었다. 셋째, KHTP 그림검사의 질적 변화는 사전, 사후 결과가 유의미하게 변화되었으며 사후, 추후 결과는 참여자들의 특성에 따라 차이를 보였다. 이와 같은 결과를 토대로 집단미술치료가 사회불안과 진로결정자기효능감에 긍정적인 효과가 있는 것으로 보이며, 이는 미술치료의 미술활동을 통한 긴장의 이완, 작품을 통한 자기평가와 탐색, 미래에 대한 긍정적인 설계와 타인과의 상호작용의 경험 등이 유의미한 정서변화가 있었음을 의미한다. 본 연구에서 나타난 특성화 고등학교 학생의 반응과 결과를 토대로 미술치료를 지속적으로 실시한다면 취업을 준비하는 특성화 고등학교 학생의 사회불안과 진로결정자기효능감 변화에 긍정적인 효과를 더 높일 수 있을 것이다.| The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of group art therapy on social anxiety and career decision self-efficacy of vocational high school students. In the case of students enrolled in vocational high schools on the basis of low grades without any goal or specific reason, the interest and motivation for learning are lessened due to repeated failure experiences and deficits. And when they see that they are not satisfied with their school life, they tend to underestimate themselves, watch out for others, and have vague fears about the future. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of group art therapy on social anxiety and career decision self-efficacy on the psychological problems experienced by the vocational high school students preparing for employment. The specific research problems for research purposes are as follows.

First, what is the effects of group art therapy on social anxiety of vocational high school students? Second, what is the effects of group art therapy on career decision self-efficacy of vocational high school students?

The subjects of this study consisted of 6th grade students preparing for employment at a vocational high school in B city of Gyeonggi Province. The social anxiety test and the career decision self-efficacy test were used as the quantitative analysis tools. The qualitative analysis tools were Kinetic House-Tree-Person(KHTP). Before and after program implementation, after 7 weeks of program termination, follow-up tests were performed and compared. The group art therapy program of this study was performed 14 times for 1 time or twice a week from July 1, 2016 to August 30, 2016 for 90 minutes to 100 minutes each time. The purpose of the program was to focus on self-discovery and to establish future plans through materialized self-assessment and goal setting, including the process of building career information and future plans, so that it has a positive effects on social anxiety, career decision, and self-efficacy. The main results of this study are as follows. First, the social anxiety of the 3rd grade students of the vocational high school was changed positively, but the continuity of the group art therapy was insufficient. Second, group art therapy changed the career decision self-efficacy of the 3rd grade students of vocational high school positively, and the effect continued. Third, the qualitative changes of KHTP picture test showed significant changes in the pre and post-test results, and the post-test and follows-up test results showed differences according to the characteristics of participants. Based on these results, group art therapy seems to have a positive effect on social anxiety and career decision self-efficacy. This means that there was a significant emotional change through relaxation of tension through art activities of art therapy, self evaluation and search through works, positive design for future and experience of interaction with others. If art therapy is continuously carried out based on the responses and results of the vocational high school students shown in this study, the positive effect of the social anxiety and career decision self-efficacy change of vocational high school student preparing for the employment can be enhanced.; The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of group art therapy on social anxiety and career decision self-efficacy of vocational high school students. In the case of students enrolled in vocational high schools on the basis of low grades without any goal or specific reason, the interest and motivation for learning are lessened due to repeated failure experiences and deficits. And when they see that they are not satisfied with their school life, they tend to underestimate themselves, watch out for others, and have vague fears about the future. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of group art therapy on social anxiety and career decision self-efficacy on the psychological problems experienced by the vocational high school students preparing for employment. The specific research problems for research purposes are as follows.

First, what is the effects of group art therapy on social anxiety of vocational high school students? Second, what is the effects of group art therapy on career decision self-efficacy of vocational high school students?

The subjects of this study consisted of 6th grade students preparing for employment at a vocational high school in B city of Gyeonggi Province. The social anxiety test and the career decision self-efficacy test were used as the quantitative analysis tools. The qualitative analysis tools were Kinetic House-Tree-Person(KHTP). Before and after program implementation, after 7 weeks of program termination, follow-up tests were performed and compared. The group art therapy program of this study was performed 14 times for 1 time or twice a week from July 1, 2016 to August 30, 2016 for 90 minutes to 100 minutes each time. The purpose of the program was to focus on self-discovery and to establish future plans through materialized self-assessment and goal setting, including the process of building career information and future plans, so that it has a positive effects on social anxiety, career decision, and self-efficacy. The main results of this study are as follows. First, the social anxiety of the 3rd grade students of the vocational high school was changed positively, but the continuity of the group art therapy was insufficient. Second, group art therapy changed the career decision self-efficacy of the 3rd grade students of vocational high school positively, and the effect continued. Third, the qualitative changes of KHTP picture test showed significant changes in the pre and post-test results, and the post-test and follows-up test results showed differences according to the characteristics of participants. Based on these results, group art therapy seems to have a positive effect on social anxiety and career decision self-efficacy. This means that there was a significant emotional change through relaxation of tension through art activities of art therapy, self evaluation and search through works, positive design for future and experience of interaction with others. If art therapy is continuously carried out based on the responses and results of the vocational high school students shown in this study, the positive effect of the social anxiety and career decision self-efficacy change of vocational high school student preparing for the employment can be enhanced.