주관적 건강상태와 EQ-5D를 이용한 건강 및 의료수요함수에 대한 추정

Abstract

본 연구는 Grossman Model을 이용하여 국민들의 건강행태의 변화가 건강수준 및

의료 이용에 미치는 영향에 대하여 분석하였다. 2010년부터 2017년까지의

한국의료패널 연간 데이터(베타 버전)를 이용하여 분석하였으며 건강수요함수는 Panel

ordered logit과 Panel GLS 모형을 사용하였고, 의료수요함수는 Panel count 모형을

사용하여 분석하였다. 분석 결과 만성질환의 개수가 많을수록 건강수준이 낮아졌으며

주간 운동시간이 많을수록 건강할 확률이 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. Panel ordered

logit의 확률효과모형의 추정 결과 흡연량과 과음 횟수는 건강수준을 악화시키는

것으로 나타났다.

건강수준이 높을수록 의료이용을 적게하는 것으로 나타났으며 소득이 많을수록,

교육수준이 높을수록 외래 이용을 많이 하는 것으로 나타났고, 만성질환의 개수가

많을수록 외래 이용이 증가하였다. 또한 흡연량이 많아질수록 외래 이용을 더 많이

하는 것으로 나타났으며, 금연을 하는 경우에도 외래 이용이 증가하였다. 과음 횟수가

많을수록 외래 이용 횟수가 감소하는 것으로 나타났으나 음주를 중단한 이후 외래

이용이 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 운동의 경우 주간 운동시간이 많아질수록 외래

방문 횟수가 감소하는 것으로 나타났다.

건강 증진을 통한 의료이용의 관리에 있어 건강행태는 매우 중요한 요소라

하겠고 생활습관의 개선 등을 통해 질병을 미리 예방하고 건강을 증진시키면서

의료이용을 관리할 수 있는 방안의 마련이 필요하다고 하겠다.|This study analyzes the effect of the health behaviors on the health status and

the medical use using Grossman model. This study uses the Korean medical panel

data(beta version) from 2010 to 2017, I utilize the panel ordered logit model and

the panel GLS model to estimate the health demand function, and panel count

model to estimate the medical demand function. The results show that chronic

diseases would cause the deterioration of the health status, and exercises increase

the health status. Estimation of the random effect of the panel ordered logit model

shows that smoking and drinking would deteriorate one’s health. It also shows

that higher income and higher education level increase the outpatient use, also do

the chronic diseases, Smoking increases the outpatient use. Outpatient use was

increased even if they quit smoking. The number of outpatient use decreases as

the number of heavy drinking increases. However outpatient use increases when

patients quit drinking, whereas exercise decreases outpatient use. It is considered

that health behavior is a very important factor in management of the medical use

by improving health. It is necessary to make programs to manage medical use,

preventing diseases and improving health by reforming people’s lifestyle.; This study analyzes the effect of the health behaviors on the health status and

the medical use using Grossman model. This study uses the Korean medical panel

data(beta version) from 2010 to 2017, I utilize the panel ordered logit model and

the panel GLS model to estimate the health demand function, and panel count

model to estimate the medical demand function. The results show that chronic

diseases would cause the deterioration of the health status, and exercises increase

the health status. Estimation of the random effect of the panel ordered logit model

shows that smoking and drinking would deteriorate one’s health. It also shows

that higher income and higher education level increase the outpatient use, also do

the chronic diseases, Smoking increases the outpatient use. Outpatient use was

increased even if they quit smoking. The number of outpatient use decreases as

the number of heavy drinking increases. However outpatient use increases when

patients quit drinking, whereas exercise decreases outpatient use. It is considered

that health behavior is a very important factor in management of the medical use

by improving health. It is necessary to make programs to manage medical use,

preventing diseases and improving health by reforming people’s lifestyle.