간호대학생의 임상실습 적응에 미치는 영향요인

Abstract

본 연구는 간호대학생의 임상실습 적응에 미치는 영향요인을 파악하여 된 서술적 조사연구이다. 2018년 4월 26일부터 2018년 5월 4일까지 간호대학생 180명에게 전환충격(17문항), 사회적지지(24문항), 임상 실습준비도(2문항), 임상실습 적응(14문항)으로 구성된 자가 보고식 설문지를 이용해 자료를 수집하였고, 수집된 자료는 IBM SPSS Win 18.0을 이용해 빈도와 백분율, t-test, one way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, 단계적 다중회귀분석을 시행하여 분석하였다. 임상실습 적응은 전환충격(r=-.55)과는 음의 상관관계를 보였고, 사회적 지지의 친구영역(r=.24), 부모영역(r=.32), 교수영역(r=.38), 임상실습 준비(r=.35)와는 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 전환충격이 작아질수록(B=-.409), 임상실습 준비도(B=.766)와 교수의 지지(B=.228), 부모의 지지(B=.163)이 커질수록 임상실습 적응이 커지는 것으로 나타났다. 전환충격, 임상실습 준비도, 교수의 지지 순으로 임상실습 적응에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타나 임상실습 적응을 높이기 위해서는 개인의 실습 준비나 교수의 지지 뿐만 아니라 간호대학생의 전환충격을 줄일 수 있는 방안을 마련할 필요가 있겠다.This descriptive study aims to examine the factors that influence nursing students' adaptation to clinical practice. Data was collected from 180 nursing students between April 26 and May 4, 2018. A self-reporting questionnaire was employed, which comprised of 17 questions regarding transition shock, 24 questions about social support, two questions regarding the levels of preparedness for clinical practice, and 14 questions about the degree of adaptation to clinical practice. Collected data was analyzed using t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and stepwise multiple regression, as well as by calculating the Pearson correlation coefficient. Subjects' degree of adaptation to clinical practice had a negative correlation with their transition shock. The degree of adaptation had a positive correlation with the levels of preparedness for clinical practice (r = 0.35) and the sub-variables of social support in the domains of friends (r = 0.24), parents (r = 0.32), and professors (r = 0.38). The smaller the transition shock (B = -0.409) and the greater the levels of preparedness (B = 0.766), professorial support (B = 0.228), and parental support (B = 0.163), the higher the degree of adaptation to clinical practice. Transition shock had the greatest influence on the degree of adaptation to clinical practice felt by subjects, followed by their level of preparedness for clinical practice and professorial support. Hence, to increase the degree of adaptation to clinical practice, not only should individual nursing students be better prepared to conduct clinical practice and professors provide greater support, but also there needs to be measures implemented to reduce transition shock.