개인 및 가구특성과 물리적 환경이 거주민의 우울에 미치는 영향 연구

Abstract

도시는 물리적환경과 인구·사회·경제 등의 복잡하고 다양한 요소들이 섞여 있는 공간이며, 사람들의 정신건강에도 영향을 줄 수 있다. 사람들의 정신건강에 영향을 미치는 주요 요인은 성격, 소득, 직업, 가족들과의 관계 등 내부적 요인과 물리적환경과 같은 외부적 요인이 있다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 사람들의 우울에 영향을 미치는 개인과가구특성뿐만 아니라 근린의 물리적 환경 특성을분석하여 거주민의 정신건강을 증진하기 위한 정책적 시사점을 제공하는 것이다. Depression is strongly associated with individual or household characteristics. However, the relationship between depression and physical environment have not been fully examined in urban planning. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the impact of neighborhood-level physical environment on resident’s depression. Using the Gyeonggi’s 2013-2014 Community Health Survey with neighborhood-level unit, this study employs multilevel regression model including individual and household factors as well as neighborhood-level built environment factors. The results of analysis are as follows. First, the prevalence of depression is higher in urban areas rather than rural areas. Second, resident’s depression shows a strong association with individual and household characteristics. In particular, the prevalence of depression is strongly associated with individual’s stress or overall health condition. Third, the high-rise buildings and mixed land uses with industrial use have negative effects on resident’s depression. Lastly, this study shows that neighborhood living facilities and public transportation services have very important roles in promoting residents’ mental health.