제정러시아의 철도 역사에 관한 소고 : 시베리아 횡단철도와 중앙아시아 철도를 중심으로

Abstract

This article explores Imperial Russia’ Railways history examining particularly Trans‐Siberian Railways and Central Asia Railways. This paper deals with the importance and essence of establishing Railways in Imperial Russia’ times to understand imperialism and colonialism. The history of the Russian railways is the expansion history of the empire and serves as a barometer of Russiaʹs centrifugal development. The construction of the railways was influenced by the necessity of the economic market which existed in European empires at the time, and railway contributed to economic development. And the construction of the railway was connected with the communication that was developed at that time. This study on the Russian railroad history can be regarded as a barometer to understand the various historical characteristics of Russia by deriving the basic contents and implications of imperialism and railway development. In particular, the Trans‐Siberian Railway is a ʺmajor leagueʺ railway line connecting Europe and Asia. Russia went to the Pacific, and Russia connected to the end of the East by railway line. This railway line opened a huge area of the empire through the transportation network. And also, Central Asian railways, like the Trans‐Siberian railways, had strategic and military purposes, but basically had economic value. Russian elites and leaders used abundant raw materials on the Silk Road to meet the need to develop the metropolitan industry of the empire. Chapter II examines the general construction process and characteristics of the Russian railways in the time of the Imperial Russia. Chapter III review the construction process and characteristics of the trans‐Siberian railways. Chapter IV analyzes the Asian conquest of 19th century Russia and the characteristics of the Central Asian railroad as a whole.